肠球菌毒力因子的研究进展     

周霞  王东  王晓兰  刘雪梅 《中国兽医学报》2011,31(8)

肠球菌是人或动物肠道中的正常菌群。近年来在医学和兽医临床中肠球菌的感染已引起广泛关注。肠球菌除了具有特殊的耐药机制外,还拥有众多的毒力因子。本试验就目前已发现的肠球菌重要毒力因子作一综述。  相似文献   

The effect of temperature on survival of pathogenic bacteria in biogas plants     

Masahiro IWASAKI  Takaki YAMASHIRO  Nilmini BENERAGAMA  Takehiro NISHIDA  Katsuya KIDA  Ikko IHARA  June‐ichi TAKAHASHI  Kazutaka UMETSU 《Animal Science Journal》2011,82(5):707-712

The paper deals with the hygienic advantages of sanitation to treat dairy manure in full‐scale biogas plants. The slurry samples were collected from two thermophilic biogas plants (55°C) and two mesophilic biogas plants (38°C) in Hokkaido Japan. A detectable number of Coli‐aerogenes group and Enterococcus in the slurries after anaerobic digestion (AD) could not be found in either thermophilic biogas plants. However, in both mesophilic biogas plants the viable numbers of Coli‐aerogenes group and Enterococcus were detected in the slurries even after anaerobic digestion. The mean decimation reduction time (T₉₀) values of the Coli‐aerogenes group and Enterococcus in the slurries during mesophilic digestion were 13.3 days and 16.7 days, respectively.  相似文献   

一株苯酚降解菌(Alcaligenes faecalis BC2001)的PCR检测及其苯酚降解特性研究     

林智敏  宋亚娜  姚梅宾  陈彬  郑伟文 《福建农业学报》2007,(1)

根据苯酚羟化酶基因高度保守序列设计一对该基因的特异引物。采用该特异引物从粪产碱菌BC2001总DNA中扩增一条大小为684 bp的片段。将该DNA片段进行序列分析,发现其与Proteobacterium L-18菌(登录号为:AY346142)的基因序列的同源性为97%。另降解试验表明BC2001菌在pH=6时(质量浓度为500mg.L-1)其生长最佳,而在苯酚质量浓度为300 mg.L-1时也是菌株具降解能力的有效例子。  相似文献   

北京市伴侣动物源肠球菌的抗菌药物耐受情况调查     

陈霞  赵晓菲  白雪梅  车洁  张云飞  袁敏  李娟 《中国畜牧兽医》2020,47(12):4119-4126

为研究北京市伴侣动物源肠球菌对常见抗菌药物的耐受情况,于2015年5月至2016年1月以北京市某宠物医院门诊就诊犬、猫作为采样对象,采集犬、猫自然排出的粪便作为样品,共得到样本320份。采用选择性培养基进行菌株分离和VITEK-2型全自动微生物分析仪进行肠球菌的鉴定;对分离鉴定的菌株进行8类11种常见抗菌药物敏感性试验;同时进行高水平庆大霉素和高水平链霉素耐受的检测试验,对受试肠球菌的耐药性和多重耐药性进行分析。共得到菌落形态及生化特性不同的非重复的肠球菌318株,其中粪肠球菌（49.06%）和屎肠球菌（29.87%）分离率较高。受试肠球菌对高水平庆大霉素和高水平链霉素的耐药率分别为39.94%和43.40%,对四环素（78.62%）、红霉素（67.30%）和奎诺普丁-达福普汀耐药率（43.71%）较高,对替加环素全部敏感,对万古霉素和呋喃妥因非耐药率也很高（均为98.74%）。受试肠球菌对1类到7类抗菌药物有不同程度的耐药性,多重耐药现象普遍,多重耐药率高达57.23%。耐受4类抗菌药物的数量最多（n=65株）。经分析共得到44种不同的耐药谱,以耐受4类药物的红霉素-奎诺普丁-达福普汀-四环素-高水平氨基糖苷类耐药谱占比最高（45/318,14.15%）。本研究证实受试的北京市伴侣动物源肠球菌对常见抗菌药物的耐药程度较高,多重耐药情况普遍存在,应加强对其耐药性的监测工作。  相似文献   

Multi-drug-resistant Enterococcus spp. as a cause of non-responsive septic synovitis in three horses     

CL Herdan  E Acke  M Dicken  RM Archer  SF Forsyth  EK Gee 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(5):297-304

Abstract

CASE HISTORY: Three Thoroughbred horses, a 6-week-old filly (Case 1), a 15-year-old broodmare (Case 2) and a yearling filly (Case 3), sustained synovial sepsis secondary to trauma.

CLINICAL FINDINGS: Case 1 presented with a heel bulb laceration communicating with the distal interphalangeal joint. Arthroscopic lavage was performed and treatment commenced using systemic and local broad spectrum antimicrobial drugs. A pure growth of multi-drug-resistant (MDR) Enterococcus gallinarum was cultured from samples of synovium and joint fluid. Antimicrobial treatment was changed according to the susceptibility results. Response to treatment was poor and despite repeat arthroscopic lavage and intra-osseous regional perfusion of antimicrobials the filly was subject to euthanasia 24 days after the initial injury. Post-mortem examination confirmed septic synovitis, cartilage degeneration and osteomyelitis.

Case 2 sustained a full thickness wound to the carpus which was sharply debrided and closed. The wound dehisced with effusion within the tendon sheath. Drainage was established and treatment included systemic broad spectrum antimicrobials, topical lavage with povodine-iodine and manuka honey infusion. A mixed infection including MDR Enterococcus faecalis was cultured from the synovial fluid. Antebrachiocarpal joint effusion developed 21 days after initial injury and joint sepsis was confirmed. Arthroscopic lavage and tendon sheath debridement were performed, followed by treatment with systemic and local antimicrobials. The mare improved and was discharged. Three months later lameness recurred and corticosteroids were administered intra-articularly. The mare became non-weight bearing lame and was subject to euthanasia. Post-mortem examination confirmed joint sepsis of the antebrachiocarpal and intercarpal joint.

Case 3 presented with a complete articular open fracture of the tibial crest. Under general anaesthesia the fracture was stabilised and the wounds debrided and closed. Systemic broad-spectrum antimicrobials were administered. Six days later the wound dehisced and a bone fragment was removed. Three weeks post-surgery the wound deteriorated with a purulent discharge. Culture of the discharge revealed a mixed bacterial infection, including a MDR Enterococcus faecalis. Femoropatellar joint involvement was confirmed, and treatment included joint lavage, local and systemic antibiosis, and manuka honey instilled into the wound. The filly initially improved, and then deteriorated such that euthanasia was performed.

DIAGNOSIS: All three cases had synovial sepsis with MDR Enterococcus spp.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Increased awareness of MDR pathogens in equine wound infections is essential. Prompt diagnostic testing, appropriate therapy, infection control strategies and on-going monitoring and management are vital to limit the clinical impact of these organisms.  相似文献   

对鸭场暴发罕见的粪链球菌病的研究   总被引：8，自引：2，他引：6  

陈一资  蒋文灿  胡滨 《中国兽医学报》2003,23(4):324-325

1996年7～8月，四川某鸭场饲养的4OOO多只3～4周龄的肉鸭暴发传染病，发病率80％以上，死亡率很高。病鸭趾、跗关节明显肿大着地，死前仰卧头部弯曲，最后败血而死。用青-链霉素混合注射或10％磺胺二甲嘧啶钠注射疗效显著，治愈率95％以上。病原鉴定：根据触片镜检、分离培养、生长试验、生化试验、水解试验和动物感染试验，确诊该鸭群感染的是罕见的粪链球菌病。  相似文献   

鸡源粪肠球菌对雏鸡致病力试验和毒力基因gelE及efaA的检测     

羊玉凤  徐睿  陶薪燕 《现代畜牧兽医》2019,(5):7-13

为了解凉山地区鸡源粪肠球菌毒力基因gelE和efaA的基因表达情况,对毒力基因进行检测和致病力试验。通过实验室提供的粪肠球菌10株,进行致病力试验,结果显示,雏鸡死亡率为0～100%,存在较大差异;进行毒力基因gelE(432 bp)、efaA(591 bp)的检测,10株粪肠球菌阳性率均为100%。根据NCBI的基因序列进行粪肠球菌毒力基因gelE、efaA的同源性比对结果均为100%。  相似文献   

屎肠球菌及其微生态制剂的研究进展     

马丰英  景宇超  崔栩  孙玉章  王艳玲  蒋贻海 《中国畜牧杂志》2019,(7):54-58

屎肠球菌作为一种潜在的新型饲用抗生素替代品,具有耐热、耐胃酸、耐胆盐、粘附力强、抑菌性和抗生素耐受性等优良的生物学特性,还能提高饲料的转化效率,增强动物机体的免疫力,降低腹泻率及死亡率,从而改善动物产品品质,屎肠球菌微生态制剂在畜禽养殖业中应用已十分广泛。其中微囊化屎肠球菌活菌制剂更是近几年的研究热点,其抗逆性强、稳定性高,可以作为饲用高活性微生态制剂应用于实际生产。本文主要阐述屎肠球菌的生物学特性及其在饲用微生态制剂中的研究进展。  相似文献   

粪肠球菌R-WL发酵培养基的优化     

胡红伟  麻啸涛  闫凌鹏  陈茹茹  张婵娟  杨京娥  李自茹  党亚鹏  任帅 《中国饲料》2019,(7):19-27

本试验旨在优化培养基提高粪肠球菌(Enterococcus faecalis)R-WL发酵液的菌体密度,为高效、优质的微生态制剂产品研制奠定基础。首先通过生长曲线的测定、培养条件和培养基成分的单因素试验,确定菌种RWL的最适培养条件为:时间14 h、pH 8.5、温度37℃、接种量3%,最适碳源为乳糖,浓度为10 g/L,最适氮源为蛋白胨+酵母膏,浓度为30 g/L。然后通过Plackett-Burman试验分析培养基中对粪肠球菌发酵影响最重要的主要因素为蛋白胨、乙酸钠和柠檬酸二铵,再通过最陡爬坡试验获得主要因素的最适范围,最后通过Box-Behnken试验和响应面分析得到主要因素的最适添加量。结果表明:最优发酵培养基配方为:乳糖10 g/L、酵母膏15 g/L、蛋白胨12.18 g/L、乙酸钠4.5 g/L、柠檬酸二铵4.5 g/L、硫酸镁0.58 g/L、硫酸锰0.25 g/L、磷酸氢二钾2 g/L、轻质碳酸钙3 g/L,初始pH 8.5。通过试验验证,优化后发酵培养基的发酵菌液活菌数可达(6.44±0.10)×109cfu/mL,比原MRS培养基活菌数提高了71.28%。  相似文献   

1株鹑鸡肠球菌产ESBLs和AmpC酶的基因型鉴定   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

苑丽  付秀玲  刘建华  胡功政  莫娟  潘玉善  康宇 《中国兽医学报》2009,29(7)

为检测1株临床分离的七彩鸟鹑鸡肠球菌的ESBLs和AmpC酶的基因型,探讨其耐药基因的进化机制;采用两倍稀释法测定此菌株对18种常用药物的敏感性,并用9对特异性引物进行PCR扩增、基因克隆及测序分析,确定鹑鸡肠球菌ESBLs和AmpC酶的基因型及基因亚型.结果表明,鹑鸡肠球菌为产ESBLs和AmpC酶菌,除对3代、4代头孢,碳青霉烯类和磷霉素体外敏感外,对其他常用药物均呈现耐药,具有多重耐药特性;该菌所产 ES-BLs的TEM序列与AJ847364(TEM-116)序列相比发生了2处碱基突变,即512T→A和695A→C,引起了相应氨基酸的突变171Ile→Lys、232Lys→Thr,是一种新的TEM亚型,GenBank注册号DQ849329;AmpC酶与序列EF078894(ACT-like型)有97%的同源性,GenBank登录号是DQ849330.这表明该株鹑鸡肠球菌ESBLs为一种新TEM亚型,来源于同时分离的鹑鸡克雷伯菌TEM型的ESBLs;ACT型AmpC酶的存在可能与七彩鸟鹑鸡接触过β-内酰胺类药物有关.  相似文献